Analysis of Head Injury Patients and Review of 100 Cases of Motor Bike Accidents
Keywords:
Head injury, road traffic accidents, motor bike injuries.Abstract
Objective: The authors show the prevalence of head injury with special emphasis on mechanism of head injury, different age groups affected and its impact on society.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective and prospective study conducted over a 6 months period. In this study, 3851 patients with head injury were assessed who presented in casualty outdoor department of our hospital. All age groups were included. The data from collected from patient’s medical record and severity of injury was assessed through Glasgow coma scale.
Results: A total of 3851 cases were included in the study. Road traffic accidents remain the most common cause of head injury accounting for 2703 (70%) of cases, motor bike accidents were responsible for 1890 (72%) head injury among all cases of road traffic accidents while 408 (15%) were car accidents were among all 3851 cases, males were 2705 (70%) and females were 1148 (30%). Most common age range was 11 – 45 years having 2311 (60%) patients followed by patients above 45 years 962 (25%) and children 0 – 10 years of age 578 (15%) cases.
Among 100 consecutive cases of motor bike victims were studied and almost exclusively male population was found to be affected. Age distribution analysis age less than 13 years 5 (5%) cases, 13 to 25 years accounted for 55 (55%) cases and above 25 years included 40 (40%) cases. There were only 4% wearing helmets while 96% were without helmets. Severity of injury sustained in all cases of head injury was GCS 15 – 15 3080 (80%) GCS 9 – 13 in 1385 (10%) and 3 – 8 GCS in 385 (10%) cases. Among motor cycles 55 (55%) cases were between the age of 13 – 15 years was mild head injury the head injury was 55 (55%) cases, moderate head injury 30 (30%) cases and severe head injury was 15 (15%). The type of head injury sustained was depressed fractures in 15% cases, epidural hematoma was found in 8% cases, subdural hematoma in 12% of cases, contusions in 10% while the rest of scans were normal.
Conclusion: Motor bike accidents are the most common cause of head injury and strict implementation of traffic rules and media awareness may help to reduce incidence of head injuries.
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