Frequency and Clinical Presentation of Spina Bifida at Liaquat University Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36552/pjns.v28i3.927Keywords:
Background: Spina Bifida is a congenital malformation resulting from the incomplete development of the neural tube. This term is frequently employed to denote any extent of neural tube closure defect. The condition can be categorized into Spina Bifida occulta and Spina Bifida aperta. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency and clinical presentation of Spina Bifida in study population. Methods: This study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2023 in tertiary care hospital. Medical data of patients was retrospectively reviewed in mentioned time period. The study excluded all OPD patients. The sampling method was non-probability convenience technique.. Results: Over a span of three years, a total of 1,756 elective surgeries were performed, with 172 cases identified as Spina Bifida, representing approximately 9.8% of the total surgeries conducted. Sub classification of Spina Bifida cases delineated 166 (96%) cases as Spina Aperta and 6 (4%). Predominantly featured myelomeningocele (MMCs), comprising approximately 81% of the aperta cases. Further stratification of MMCs based on size revealed varying proportions, with approximately 64 (37%) less than 3*3cm, 76 (44%) between 3*3cm and 5*5cm, and 32 (19%) exceeding 5*5cm, indicating a spectrum of severity within this subset of cases. Conclusion: These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of Spina Bifida, encompassing diverse clinical presentations, anatomical variations, and associated anomalies, necessitating a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to management tailored to the individualized needs of patients.Abstract
Objective: The study was conducted to observe the clinical presentation and variation of Spina Bifida in the study population.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the prevalence and clinical presentation of Spina Bifida among surgical patients, in which 172 cases admitted via OPD were included. Data collected covered demographics and clinical details, including age, gender, cousin marriage, region, type of Spina Bifida (meningocele or meningomyelocele), hydrocephalus association, and defect width were diagnosed by MRI lumber spine and CT scan brain which was done in all patients.
Results: Over three years, a total of 1,756 elective surgeries were performed, with 172 cases identified as Spina Bifida, representing approximately 9.8% of the total surgeries conducted. Sub-classification of Spina Bifida cases delineated 166 (96%) cases as Spina Aperta and 6 (4%). Predominantly featured myelomeningocele (MMCs), comprising approximately 81% of the aperta cases. Further stratification of MMCs based on size revealed varying proportions, with approximately 64 (37%) less than 3*3cm, 76 (44%) between 3*3cm and 5*5cm, and 32 (19%) exceeding 5*5cm, indicating a spectrum of severity within this subset of cases. Anatomical distribution delineated the majority of Spina Bifida cases (approximately 95.9%) located in the lumbar region, with fewer occurrences observed in the dorsal (2.9%) and cervical (1.2%) regions.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of Spina Bifida, encompassing diverse clinical presentations, anatomical variations, and associated anomalies, necessitating a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to management tailored to the individualized needs of patients.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Mubarak Hussain Nohario, Abdul Rauf Memon, Aurangzeb kalhoro, Suhail Ahmed Aghani, Abdul Razzaque Nohri, Sultan Ahmed NohariThe work published by PJNS is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). Copyrights on any open access article published by Pakistan Journal of Neurological Surgery are retained by the author(s).
